Tratamiento quirúrgico del leiomiosarcoma de vena cava inferior

Introducción: La baja incidencia del leiomiosarcoma de la vena cava inferior dificulta tanto la estandarización del diagnóstico como el tratamiento. Objetivo: Presentar el manejo realizado en nuestro centro de un paciente que desarrolló un leiomiosarcoma de vena cava inferior, una patología de baja incidencia y que las posibilidades de realizar un rescate quirúrgico son muy bajas. Resultados: Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 54 años con una tumoración sólida en porción infrarrenal y yuxtarrenal de vena cava inferior de 71 × 76 × 117 mm compatible con leiomiosarcoma de vena cava, con infiltración de uréter derecho que ocasiona uropatía obstructiva derecha grado I-II sin alteración de la función renal, que fue resecada y reconstruida mediante prótesis sin complicaciones. Discusión: Se discute la fisiopatología, el diagnóstico y manejo en relación con el caso presentado. Conclusión: la baja incidencia de estos tumores dificulta tanto la estandarización del diagnóstico como del tratamiento, aunque la cirugía sigue siendo el tratamiento de elección.

Introduction: The low incidence of leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava hinders both the standardization of diagnosis and treatment. Objective: To present the management carried out in our center of a patient who developed an inferior vena cava leiomyosarcoma, a low incidence pathology with uncertain surgical rescue. Results: 54-year-old patient with a solid tumor in the infrarenal and juxtarenal portions of the inferior vena cava of 71 × 76 × 117 mm compatible with leiomyosarcoma of the vena cava, with infiltration of the right ureter that causes right obstructive uropathy grade I-II without kidney function changes; tumour was resected and continuity reconstructed with a prosthesis without complications. Discussion: The pathophysiology, diagnosis and management are commented. Conclusion: the low incidence of these lesions makes it difficult to standardize both diagnosis and treatment, although surgery remains the treatment of choice.

Association between Hospital Carotid Endarterectomy Procedure Volumes and In-Hospital Mortality in São Paulo State / Associação do volume hospitalar de endarterectomia carotídea com a mortalidade intra-hospitalar no estado de São Paulo

Abstract Background Previous studies indicate an inverse relationship between hospital volume and mortality after carotid endarterectomy. However, data at the level of Brazil are lacking. Objectives To assess the relationship between hospital carotid endarterectomy procedure volumes and mortality in the state of São Paulo. Methods Data from the São Paulo State Hospital Information System on all carotid endarterectomies performed between 2015 and 2019 were analyzed. Hospitals were categorized into clusters by annual volume of surgeries (1-10, 11-25, and ≥26). Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine whether the volume of carotid endarterectomy procedures was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality among patients undergoing this procedure. Results Crude in-hospital mortality was nearly 60 percent lower in patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy at the highest volume hospitals than among those who underwent endarterectomy at the lowest volume hospitals (unadjusted OR of survival to hospital discharge, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.11-5.23; p = 0.027). Although this lower rate represents 1.5 fewer deaths per 100 patients treated, high-volume centers are more likely than low-volume centers to perform elective procedures, thus the analysis did not retain statistical significance when adjusted for admission character (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 0.74-3.87; p = 0.215). Conclusions In a contemporary Brazilian registry, higher volume carotid endarterectomy centers were associated with lower in-hospital mortality than lower volume centers. Further studies are needed to verify this relationship considering the presence of symptoms in patients.

Resumo Contexto Estudos indicam uma relação inversa entre volume hospitalar e mortalidade após endarterectomia carotídea. Entretanto, não há dados a nível brasileiro. Objetivos Avaliar a relação entre volume hospitalar de endarterectomia carotídea e mortalidade no estado de São Paulo. Métodos Foram analisados dados do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar do Estado de São Paulo de todas as endarterectomias carotídeas realizadas entre 2015 e 2019. Os hospitais foram categorizados em grupos de acordo com o volume anual de cirurgias (1-10, 11-25 e ≥26). Modelos de regressão logística múltipla foram usados para determinar se o volume de endarterectomias carotídeas era um preditor independente de mortalidade intra-hospitalar entre os pacientes submetidos a esse procedimento. Resultados A mortalidade intra-hospitalar foi quase 60% menor nos pacientes submetidos a endarterectomia carotídea nos hospitais de maior volume em comparação aos pacientes submetidos a endarterectomia nos hospitais de menor volume (OR não ajustado de sobrevida após alta hospitalar, 2,41; IC 95%, 1,11-5,23; p = 0,027). Embora essa taxa mais baixa represente 1,5 menos mortes por 100 pacientes tratados, os centros de alto volume são mais propensos do que os centros de baixo volume a realizarem procedimentos eletivos; portanto, a análise não reteve significância quando ajustada para o caráter de admissão (OR, 1,69; IC 95%, 0,74-3,87; p = 0,215). Conclusões Em um registro brasileiro contemporâneo, centros com maior volume de endarterectomia carotídea foram associados a menor mortalidade intra-hospitalar em comparação aos centros de menor volume. Mais estudos são necessários para verificar essa relação considerando a presença de sintomas em pacientes.

Giant splenic artery aneurysm: case report / Aneurisma gigante da artéria esplênica: relato de caso

Abstract True splenic artery aneurysms are exceedingly rare and the medical literature contains only a limited number of reports on this pathology. Presently, there remains a lack of consensus regarding the optimal management and treatment approaches for patients in this category. Over the course of the last century, significant changes have occurred in the realm of surgical options, transitioning from open and endovascular procedures to the more advanced laparoscopic and robotic interventions. The propensity for these aneurysms to rupture underscores the need for timely intervention. The risk of rupture is notably elevated in patients harboring giant splenic artery aneurysms. In this report, we present the case of a 55-year-old woman diagnosed with a giant splenic artery aneurysm measuring 12x12 cm in diameter. She presented with notable weakness, discomfort, and pain in the left subcostal area. In response to her complaints and after thorough evaluation, we opted for a surgical procedure encompassing distal pancreatic resection in conjunction with splenectomy and resection of the giant splenic artery aneurysm.

Resumo Os aneurismas verdadeiros da artéria esplênica são extremamente raros, e há um número limitado de relatos sobre essa condição na literatura médica. Atualmente, não há consenso sobre as abordagens ideais de manejo e tratamento para pacientes que se enquadram nessa categoria. Ao longo do século passado, ocorreram mudanças significativas no domínio das opções cirúrgicas, passando de procedimentos abertos e endovasculares para intervenções laparoscópicas e robóticas mais avançadas. A propensão à ruptura do aneurisma ressalta a necessidade de intervenção em tempo oportuno. O risco de ruptura é notavelmente elevado em pacientes com aneurismas gigantes da artéria esplênica. Neste relato, apresentamos o caso de uma mulher de 55 anos diagnosticada com aneurisma gigante de artéria esplênica medindo 12x12 cm de diâmetro. A paciente apresentava fraqueza notável, desconforto e dor na região subcostal esquerda. Em resposta às suas queixas e após avaliação minuciosa, optamos por um procedimento cirúrgico que incluiu pancreatectomia distal associada a esplenectomia e ressecção do aneurisma gigante da artéria esplênica.

Application of quick responce code health education in clinical nursing of vascular surgery / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of quick response (QR) code health education in clinical nursing of vascular surgery.Methods:A total of 538 patients hospitalized in the vascular Surgery department of Beijing Friendship Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from April 2020 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects. The subjects were divided into control group ( n = 272) and experimental group ( n = 266) by random number table method. Patients in the control group received health education by conventional oral methods, while patients in the experimental group received health education by means of QR code health education. After health education, the compliance, duration of health education, disease knowledge awareness rate and patient satisfaction rate were compared between the two groups of patients. Results:The compliance rate in medication compliance, outpatient follow-up visit, living habits in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group ( χ2 values were 2.96-4.82, P<0.05). The average length of health education by nurses in the experimental group was (4.53 ± 3.21) min, which was lower than (10.15 ± 1.03) min in the control group. The difference was statistically significant ( t = 3.41, P<0.05). The average score of health knowledge in the experimental group was 91.46 ± 4.77, which was higher than 85.37 ± 3.25 in the control group. The difference was statistically significant ( t = 8.59, P<0.05). The satisfaction rate of patients in the experimental group was 96.62% (257/266), which was higher than 75.37% (205/272) in the control group. The difference was statistically significant ( χ2= 63.04, P<0.05). Conclusions:The application of QR code health education in clinical nursing of vascular surgery can improve patient satisfaction rate, save health education time and increase the awareness rate of patients to disease knowledge. This kind of education is worthy of vigorous promotion in clinical practice.

Interpretation of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2022 clinical practice guidelines on the management of chronic venous disease of the lower limbs: Iliac vein diseases / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#The European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2022 clinical practice guidelines showed us venous thrombosis management in January 2022. In terms of iliac vein diseases, it retained some guiding views, upgraded some guiding views, and added some new views compared with the version 2015. It has good guidance and reference significance for medical staff and patients. The part of the guidelines about iliac vein disease is worth our interpretation.

Reporte de dos casos de trauma vascular / Two Parallel Case Reports of Vascular Trauma

Los traumas vasculares periféricos poseen una frecuencia elevada en relación con las lesiones vasculares y conllevan a una incapacidad significativa a pacientes relativamente jóvenes. La identificación oportuna y el manejo inicial adecuado de este tipo de lesión son muy importantes para su posterior evolución. Este artículo tuvo como objetivo exponer la importancia del tratamiento oportuno del trauma vascular en dos pacientes llegados el mismo día al servicio de urgencias del Hospital Militar Central "Dr. Luis Díaz Soto". Se presenta como primer caso a un paciente masculino de 44 años de edad, con antecedentes de salud aparente. Sufrió una herida de aproximadamente 12 cm en el brazo izquierdo, que se acompañó de sangramiento e hipotensión arterial. Se le colocó injerto protésico y se le realizó anastomosis término-terminal en la arteria humeral porque presentaba sección completa de esta; su evolución fue favorable. El segundo caso se trata de un paciente masculino de 60 años de edad, con antecedentes de salud aparente. Sufrió un trauma en el antebrazo izquierdo que le provocó una herida de alrededor de 8 cm, con sangramiento, palidez y frialdad del tercio distal del antebrazo, cianosis reversible de la mano, impotencia funcional, ausencia de pulso radial e hipotensión arterial. Se le realizó anastomosis término-terminal de arteria radial porque presentaba sección completa de esta y su evolución resultó favorable. El tratamiento oportuno y acertado del trauma vascular evitó la pérdida de la vida de los pacientes, disminuyó la presencia de complicaciones, aseguró una evolución rápida y redujo incapacidades en estos(AU)

Peripheral vascular traumas have a high frequency in relation to vascular lesions, and lead to significant disability in relatively young patients. Timely identification and adequate initial management of this type of lesion are very important for its subsequent evolution. This article aimed to show the importance of timely treatment of vascular trauma in two patients who arrived on the same day at the emergency service of Dr. Luis Díaz Soto Central Military Hospital. The first case presented corresponds to a 44-year-old male patient apparently without previous heath conditions. He had a wound of approximately twelve centimeters on the left arm, which was accompanied by bleeding and arterial hypotension. The patient was placed a prosthetic graft and performed an end-to-end anastomosis in the brachial artery because it was completely sectioned. The patient's evolution was favorable. The second case corresponds to a 60-year-old male patient with an apparent health history. He suffered a trauma to his left forearm that caused a wound of about 8 cm, with bleeding, paleness and coldness of the distal third of the forearm, reversible cyanosis of the hand, functional impotence, absence of radial pulse and arterial hypotension. End-to-end anastomosis of the radial artery was performed because the patient presented complete section of the artery and his evolution was favorable. Timely and correct treatment of vascular trauma prevented the loss of life in both patients, reduced the presence of complications, ensured a rapid evolution, and reduced their disabilities(AU)

Manejo del aneurisma roto de aorta abdominal: un reto para el cirujano general / Management of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: a challenge for the general surgeon

Introducción. El aneurisma aórtico abdominal roto, tiene una mortalidad del 80 % al 90 %. Para su reparación existe una técnica abierta y otra endovascular, las cuales tienen diferencias entre sus beneficios y complicaciones. El método de elección en la actualidad para la corrección de esta alteración anatómica es endovascular, sin embargo, no es el más usado, porque no se cuenta todo el tiempo con el equipo humano de cirugía vascular para su realización. Caso clínico. Ingresa a urgencias un paciente en estado de shock de origen desconocido, con dolor abdominal de 24 horas de evolución. Se realiza una tomografía con contraste que demuestra un aneurisma aórtico abdominal infrarrenal roto. Debido a que no se contaba con el equipo de cirugía vascular, es llevado de urgencia a una corrección abierta que duró 153 minutos, con un sangrado intraoperatorio de 1754 cc. Fue dado de alta a los 12 días postoperatorios sin ninguna complicación. Discusión. La reparación endovascular del aneurisma aórtico abdominal roto es la mejor elección, ya que muestra mayores beneficios en comparación con la reparación abierta, sin embargo, no es el más utilizado, porque se necesita de un personal bien entrenado en cirugía endovascular, por lo que, dentro de la formación de los cirujanos generales, se tiene que incluir el aprendizaje de las técnicas abiertas

Introduction. The ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm has a mortality of 80% to 90%. There is an open and an endovascular techniques for its repair, which have differences between their benefits and complications. The method of choice for the correction of this anatomical alteration is endovascular; however, it is not the most frequently used, mainly because the vascular surgical team is not available all the time to perform it.Clinical case. A patient in a state of shock of unknown origin was admitted to the emergency room, with abdominal pain of 24 hours of evolution. A contrast-enhanced CT scan demonstrated a ruptured infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. Due to the lack of a vascular surgery team, the patient was rushed for an open surgery that lasted 153 minutes, with an intraoperative bleeding of 1754 cc. He was discharged 12 days after surgery without any complications.Discussion. Endovascular repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm is the best choice, since it shows greater benefits compared to open repair. However, it is not the most widely used because it requires well-trained personnel in endovascular surgery. Therefore, learning of open techniques must be included in the training of general surgeons

Endarterectomía carotídea como procedimiento quirúrgico de obstrucción y/o estenosis de arteria carótida interna / Carotid endarterectomy as a surgical procedure of carotid obstruction and/or stenosis

La endarterectomía carotídea es el procedimiento quirúrgico de elección para tratar la obstrucción y/o estenosis de la arteria carótida extracraneal y prevenir los eventos neurológicos. La aparición de síntomas depende de la gravedad y progresión de la lesión, del adecuado flujo colateral, de las características de la placa y de la presencia de otros factores de riesgo. Analizamos el resultado de la endarterectomía carotídea como procedimiento quirúrgico de elección para la estenosis carotídea, así como la presentación de un caso clínico de un adulto mayor con oclusión del 100% y la resolución completa de los síntomas posteriores al procedimiento quirúrgico (AU)

Endarterectomy of the carotid is the surgical procedure of choice to treat obstruction and/or stenosis of the extracranial carotid artery and prevent neurological events. The appearance of symptoms depends on the severity and progression of the lesion, the adequate collateral flow, the characteristics of the plaque and the presence of other risk factors. We analyze the result of carotid endarterectomy as the surgical procedure of choice for carotid stenosis as well as the presentation of a clinical case of an elderly adult patient with 100% occlusion and complete resolution of symptoms after the surgical procedure (AU)

Vascular surgery in the most populous state in the Amazon: socio-professional profile and aspirations of the specialty / A cirurgia vascular no estado mais populoso da Amazônia: perfil socioprofissional e anseios da especialidade

Abstract Background There is a dearth of studies conducted to understand the socio-professional profile of the vascular surgery specialty and the population demands of specific regions, which are needed to support creation of care policies and direct infrastructure improvements in healthcare. Objectives The purpose of this study was to describe the socio-professional profile of vascular surgeons in the state of Pará, Brazil, to guide creation of tools for professional improvement. Methods A cross-sectional, self-report survey was conducted in Pará using a questionnaire comprising 30 questions covering six main topics. Results All vascular surgeons actively practicing in the state participated in this study. The total number of specialists was 59, with 71.2% working in the greater Belém area and 16.9% exclusively practicing in the interior of the state. The mean age of these professionals was 48 ± 11.1 years, 86.4% of respondents were men, 64.4% of surgeons had completed medical residency, and 96.6% (n=57) of the surgeons would like to improve their skills in venous surgery, echo-guided vascular access, and endovascular surgery. The method of professional improvement of greatest interest was simulation courses (hands-on), endorsed by 93% of the participants. Conclusions Pará has 59 vascular surgeons. These professionals mainly work in the greater Belém (71.2%), in hospitals (100%) or in private clinics or offices (94.9%), performing a wide range of procedures, including venous and arterial surgery, amputations, and provision of hemodialysis access. More than 90% of these surgeons were satisfied professionally and reported that they would choose the specialty again. However, 22% had a pessimistic view of the specialty's future. The vast majority of professionals (96.6%) consider that training or a continuing education program are necessary.

Resumo Contexto Há uma falta de estudos necessários para entender o perfil socioprofissional da especialidade e as demandas específicas da população de uma região específica, a fim de subsidiar a criação de políticas assistenciais e a melhoria na infraestrutura da assistência à saúde. Objetivos O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o perfil socioprofissional de cirurgiões vasculares no Pará para orientar a criação de ferramentas de melhoria profissional. Métodos Foi realizado um levantamento transversal no Pará utilizando um questionário com 30 questões que envolvia seis temas principais. Resultados Todos os cirurgiões vasculares ativos participaram deste estudo. O número total de especialistas foi de 59, dos quais 71,2% trabalhavam na grande Belém e 16,9% exclusivamente no interior do estado. A idade média dos profissionais foi de 48 ± 11,1 anos, e 86,4% dos entrevistados eram homens. Além disso, 64,4% dos cirurgiões haviam completado a residência médica, e 96,6% (n = 57) deles gostariam de ter melhorias em cirurgia venosa, acesso vascular ecoguiado e cirurgia endovascular. As áreas de maior interesse para melhorias são cursos de simulação (práticos), com 93% dos participantes interessados. Conclusões O Pará tem 59 cirurgiões vasculares, os quais trabalham principalmente na grande Belém (71,2%) em hospitais (100%) ou em clínicas privadas ou consultórios (94,9%) e realizam uma ampla gama de procedimentos, incluindo cirurgias venosas e arteriais, amputações e acessos para hemodiálise. Mais de 90% dos cirurgiões estavam satisfeitos e relataram que escolheriam a especialidade novamente; entretanto, 22% tinham uma visão pessimista do futuro da especialidade. A grande maioria dos profissionais (96,6%) considera a necessidade de qualificação ou de um programa de educação continuada.

Características clinicoepidemiológicas de pacientes con trombosis venosa profunda en los miembros inferiores / Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with deep venous thrombosis in lower limbs

Introducción: La trombosis venosa profunda consiste en la formación de un trombo en un trayecto de una vena profunda, lo que provoca la oclusión total o parcial de esta. Objetivo: Caracterizar una población de afectados por esta entidad clínica, según variables de interés. Métodos: Se efectuó un estudio observacional y descriptivo de serie de casos, de pacientes con presunto diagnóstico clínico de trombosis venosa de miembros inferiores, atendidos en el Servicio de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular del Hospital Provincial Clinicoquirúrgico Docente Saturnino Lora Torres de Santiago de Cuba desde enero de 2015 hasta junio de 2017, en quienes se realizó ecografía Doppler para confirmar la presencia de este episodio vascular. Resultados: La enfermedad primó en el grupo etario de 65 y más años (32,1 %) y en el sexo femenino (74,1 %). La inmovilidad de miembros inferiores constituyó el factor de riesgo predominante (27,0 %), en tanto el dolor, el edema y la taquicardia resultaron las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes (20,5 % en cada una), y el miembro inferior izquierdo fue el más afectado (69,0 %). Conclusiones: La trombosis venosa de los miembros inferiores se presentó como propia de las edades avanzadas de la vida, fundamentalmente en mujeres, con un cuadro clínico que indicaba claramente su existencia.

Introduction: The deep venous thrombosis consists on the formation of a clot in a deep vein way, what causes its total or partial occlusion. Objective: To characterize a population affected by this clinical entity, according to variables of interest. Methods: An observational and descriptive study of a serial cases, of patients with presumed clinical diagnosis of venous thrombosis of the lower limbs, assisted in the Angiology and Vascular Surgery Service of Saturnino Lora Torres Teaching Clinical Surgical Provincial Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba from January, 2015 to June, 2017, to whom a Doppler echography to confirm the presence of this vascular episode was carried out. Results: The disease prevailed in the 65 and more age group (32.1 %) and in the female sex (74.1 %). The immobility of lower limbs constituted the predominant risk factor (27.0 %), as long as pain, edema and tachycardia were the most frequent clinical manifestations (20.5 % in each one), and the left lower limb was the most affected (69.0 %). Conclusions: The venous thrombosis of lower limbs was presented as characteristic of the advanced ages of life, mainly in women, with a clinical pattern that indicated with high clarity its existence.

Avaliação das artérias podais ao eco-Doppler / Assessment of the pedal arteries with Duplex Scanning

Resumo A ultrassonografia vascular com Doppler é um método não invasivo útil no diagnóstico e planejamento terapêutico da doença oclusiva das artérias podais. A artéria pediosa dorsal é a continuação direta da artéria tibial anterior e tem trajeto retilíneo no dorso do pé, dirigindo-se medialmente ao primeiro espaço intermetatarsiano, onde dá origem a seus ramos terminais. A artéria tibial posterior distalmente ao maléolo medial se bifurca e dá origem às artérias plantar lateral e plantar medial. A plantar medial apresenta menor calibre e segue medialmente na planta do pé, enquanto a plantar lateral é mais calibrosa, seguindo um curso lateral na região plantar e formando o arco plantar profundo, o qual se anastomosa com a artéria pediosa dorsal através da artéria plantar profunda. A avaliação das artérias podais pode ser realizada de maneira não invasiva com exame de eco-Doppler, com adequado nível de detalhamento anatômico.

Abstract Vascular Doppler ultrasound is a noninvasive method that can help in diagnostic and therapeutic planning in case of pedal arterial obstructive disease. The dorsalis pedis artery is the direct continuation of the anterior tibial artery and follows a straight course along the dorsum of the foot, leading medially to the first intermetatarsal space, where it gives off its terminal branches. The posterior tibial artery forks distal to the medial malleolus and gives rise to the lateral plantar and medial plantar arteries. The medial plantar artery has a smaller caliber and runs medially in the sole of the foot, while the lateral plantar artery is of larger caliber, following a lateral course in the plantar region and forming the deep plantar arch, which anastomoses with the dorsalis pedis artery via the deep plantar artery. The arteries of the foot can be assessed noninvasively with Doppler, providing an adequate level of anatomical detail.

Protocolo eletrônico multiprofissional de coleta de dados clínicos e cirúrgicos em insuficiência venosa crônica / Multidisciplinary electronic protocol for collection of clinical and surgical data on chronic venous insufficiency

Contexto A utilização de protocolos eletrônicos para coleta e armazenamento de dados permite a realização de pesquisas clínicas de forma dinâmica, contribuindo com a evolução da medicina. Objetivos Criar uma base eletrônica de coleta de dados clínicos e cirúrgicos referente à insuficiência venosa crônica (IVC) para auxiliar na realização de estudos científicos. Métodos Inicialmente, criou-se uma base de dados de todas as doenças vasculares e, em seguida, de IVC, por meio da revisão bibliográfica de livros-texto e de artigos científicos relevantes. A informatização desses dados foi realizada pelo programa Sistema Integrado de Protocolos Eletrônicos (SINPE©) e avaliada por um projeto piloto. Resultados O protocolo eletrônico multiprofissional de doenças vasculares abrangeu os itens anamnese, exame físico, exames complementares, tipos de tratamento e evolução. Com isso, criou-se um protocolo mestre contendo 6.145 itens, e após gerou-se um protocolo específico de IVC totalizando 2.877 itens. A funcionalidade do protocolo foi testada com um projeto piloto, coletando-se dados de prontuários. Realizou-se o cruzamento das informações coletadas, que foram demonstradas na forma de gráficos. Conclusões Foi possível criar um protocolo eletrônico para coleta de dados clínicos e cirúrgicos referente à IVC. Esse protocolo foi incorporado ao SINPE©, facilitando imensamente a realização de pesquisas científicas nessa área

Background Use of electronic protocols for data collection and storage enables clinical research to be conducted dynamically, contributing to medical advances. Objectives To create an electronic data base for collection of clinical and surgical data on chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), to facilitate production of scientific studies. Methods Initially, a database was constructed by means of a bibliographic review of text books and relevant scientific articles for all vascular diseases and then a database on CVI was extracted. These data were computerized using the Integrated Electronic Protocols System (SINPE©) and then assessed in a pilot project. Results The multidisciplinary electronic protocol for vascular diseases covered the following items: history taking, physical examination, work-up tests, types of treatment, and progression. Using these items, a master protocol was created containing 6,145 items, and then a CVI-specific protocol containing 2,877 items was compiled. The protocol's functionality was tested in a pilot project, collecting data from medical records. The information collected was analyzed and illustrated graphically. Conclusions It proved possible to create an electronic protocol for collection of clinical and surgical data on CVI. The protocol was incorporated into the SINPE©, greatly facilitating production of scientific research in the area

Countermeasures and treatment for aortic acute syndrome with novel coronavirus pneumonia / 中华外科杂志

The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has cost a great loss to the health and economic property of Chines people. Under such a special circumstance, how to deal with such patients with acute aortic syndrome has become a serious challenge. Rapid diagnosis of concomitant NCP, safe and effective transportation, implementation of the interventional procedure, protection of vascular surgical team and postoperative management and follow-up of such patients have become urgent problems for us. Combined with the latest novel government documents, the literature and the experiences from Wuhan, we answered the above questions briefly and plainly. It also hopes to inspire the national vascular surgeons to manage critical emergencies in vascular surgery and even routine vascular diseases with NCP, as a final point to limit the severe epidemic situation, and minimize the damage of NCP.

Countermeasures and treatment for aortic acute syndrome with novel coronavirus pneumonia / 中华外科杂志

The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has cost a great loss to the health and economic property of Chines people. Under such a special circumstance, how to deal with such patients with acute aortic syndrome has become a serious challenge. Rapid diagnosis of concomitant NCP, safe and effective transportation, implementation of the interventional procedure, protection of vascular surgical team and postoperative management and follow-up of such patients have become urgent problems for us. Combined with the latest novel government documents, the literature and the experiences from Wuhan, we answered the above questions briefly and plainly. It also hopes to inspire the national vascular surgeons to manage critical emergencies in vascular surgery and even routine vascular diseases with NCP, as a final point to limit the severe epidemic situation, and minimize the damage of NCP.

Countermeasures and treatment for aortic acute syndrome with novel coronavirus pneumonia / 中华外科杂志

@#The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has cost a great loss to the health and economic property of Chines people. Under such a special circumstance, how to deal with such patients with acute aortic syndrome has become a serious challenge. Rapid diagnosis of concomitant NCP, safe and effective transportation, implementation of the interventional procedure, protection of vascular surgical team and postoperative management and follow-up of such patients have become urgent problems for us. Combined with the latest novel government documents, the literature and the experiences from Wuhan, we answered the above questions briefly and plainly. It also hopes to inspire the national vascular surgeons to manage critical emergencies in vascular surgery and even routine vascular diseases with NCP, as a final point to limit the severe epidemic situation, and minimize the damage of NCP.

Microsurgery in complex trauma of pelvic limb in a pediatric patient: case report

Complex trauma is defined as the condition secondary to the exchange of kinetic energy of two or more tissues in one limb. This entity is a surgical emergency that can have many sequelae and can even result in limb loss. An 11-year-old female patient presents complex pelvic limb trauma secondary to contuse injury caused by a helicopter’s rotor blades.  Pelvic limb reconstruction was performed with iliac crest bone graft, the fracture was stabilized with an external fixator and the skin defect was covered with an anterolateral microvascular thigh flap (ALT). There was an adequate integration of the bone graft with adequate skin coverage thanks to the ALT thigh flap. The patient presented discreet limb shortening as consequence.  Currently, microsurgery is the only medical option that meets the objectives of limb reconstruction. Microsurgical techniques can be used in pediatric and adult patients. The success of any recovery from complex trauma is vigorous surgical cleaning, avoiding sequential and/or multiple washes.

Manejo del dolor en cirugía vascular periférica / Pain management in peripheral vascular surgery

Resumen: En cirugía vascular periférica, el manejo multimodal del dolor permite una movilización temprana, lo cual conlleva a una rápida recuperación y satisfacción del paciente. El fracaso en el control del dolor postoperatorio aumenta los costos, los días de estancia hospitalaria y el riesgo de complicaciones como infecciones y tromboembolismo. Antes de la cirugía, el uso de dexametasona, gabapentina y paracetamol mejora los niveles de analgesia postoperatoria. La analgesia peridural es la técnica que mayor alivio de dolor presenta en el postoperatorio, provocando una incidencia menor de dolor crónico; limitar el uso de opioides neuroaxiales disminuye el tiempo de bloqueo motor, permitiendo la movilización temprana y evitando las complicaciones asociadas con la postración (visita http://www.painoutmexico.com para obtener la versión completa del artículo y el diagrama de recomendaciones).

Abstract: In peripheral vascular surgery, multimodal pain management allows early mobilization, which leads to rapid recovery and patient satisfaction. Failure to control postoperative pain increases costs, days of hospital stay and increases the risk of complications such as infections and thromboembolism. Before surgery, using dexamethasone, gabapentin and paracetamol improves higher leves of postoperative analgesia. Epidural analgesia is the technique that provides the greatest pain relief in the postoperative period, causing a lower incidence of chronic pain; limiting the use of neuroaxial opioids decreases the motor block time, allowing early mobilization and avoiding complications associated with prostration (visit http://www.painoutmexico.com to see the full article and diagram of overall recommendations).

Enfermedad arterial periférica en miembros inferiores / Peripheral arterial disease in lower extremities

Resumen La Enfermedad arterial periférica se desarrolla por la obstrucción a nivel arterial. La resultante reducción en el flujo sanguíneo puede ser asintomática o producir síntomas de insuficiencia arterial como claudicación intermitente, dolor en reposo en el grupo muscular afectado, así como la presencia de diversos grados de pérdida tisular, como úlceras, siendo éste uno de los signos más evidentes de isquemia de la extremidad. Debido a que la mayoría de los casos de Enfermedad arterial periférica tiene como etiología la ateroesclerosis resultante de la acumulación de lípidos y material fibroso entre las capas de la pared arterial en miembros inferiores, el presente artículo se centra en esta etiología como causa de la Enfermedad arterial periférica en miembros inferiores.

Abstract Peripheral artery disease is developed for an arterial obstruction. The reduction in blood flow can be asymptomatic or produce symptoms of arterial insufficiency such as intermittent claudication or rest pain in the affected muscle group, as well as the presence of different degrees of tissue loss, such as ulcers, being one of the most obvious signs of ischemia in the limb. Because the majority of cases of peripheral artery disease are caused for the atherosclerosis resulted for the accumulation of lipids and fibrous material between the layers of the artery in the lower limbs, the present article is focus on this etiology as the cause of peripheral artery disease in lower extremity.

Trombosis masiva posterior a la colocación de filtro en vena cava inferior. Reporte de un caso / Massive thrombosis after placement of the inferior vena cava filter. Case report

Resumen Tras la colocación de un filtro de vena cava inferior, hasta un 30% de los pacientes puede desarrollar trombosis, una complicación severa con alta morbimortalidad. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 84 años con trombosis masiva en la vena cava inferior y sistema venoso de miembros inferiores tras la colocación de un filtro de vena cava inferior.

Abstract After lower vena cava filter placement, up to 30% of patients can develop thrombosis, a severe complication with high morbidity and mortality. We present the case of an 84-year-old patient with massive thrombosis in the inferior vena cava and venous system of the lower limbs after a lower vena cava filter placement.

Injuria miocárdica postcirugía no cardiaca (MINS) en pacientes sometidos a cirugía vascular: artículo de revisión / Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) in major vascular surgery, a review

Vascular surgery is considered high risk, due to the characteristics of patients and surgical procedures. Recently, the diagnosis of myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) was introduced to focus attention on the prognostic relevance of elevated ischemic troponin after non-cardiac surgery. In the study Vascular Events In Noncardiac Surgery Patients Cohort Evaluation (VISION), that included more than 15,000 patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery, MINS was independently associated with mortality 3 to 4 times greater than 30 days after surgery. Biccard et al published a study derived from the study VISION in which 502 patients underwent vascular surgery, resulting in significantly higher mortality (12.5% vs 1.5%, p < 0.001) in patients who developed MINS compared to those who did not develop MINS (OR 9.48, 95% CI, 3.46-25.96). The 2014 guidelines for preoperative cardiovascular evaluation of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) do not recommend the postoperative surveillance of troponin in patients without symptoms or signs of myocardial ischemia, nor in patients at high risk of coronary disease (as patients undergoing vascular surgery). On the other hand, the 2017 guidelines of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society on Perioperative Cardiac Risk, evaluation and treatment for non-cardiac surgery patients, recommend obtaining daily measurements of troponin for 48 to 72 hours after of non-cardiac surgery, in patients with a baseline risk of more than 5% of cardiovascular death or acute non-fatal myocardial infarction at 30 days after surgery. MINS is a potentially useful marker of adverse postoperative outcomes and its detection could provide opportunities to improve clinical outcomes in affected patients.

La cirugía vascular es considerada de alto riesgo, debido a características propias de los pacientes y de los procedimientos quirúrgicos. Recientemente, se introdujo el diagnóstico de injuria miocárdica postcirugía no cardiaca (MINS) para centrar la atención en la relevancia pronóstica de la elevación de la troponina isquémica después de una cirugía no cardíaca. Dos grandes estudios han demostrado que la mortalidad es significativamente mayor en pacientes que desarrollaron MINS. Las guías 2014 de evaluación cardiovascular preoperatoria de American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA), no recomiendan la vigilancia postoperatoria de troponina en pacientes sin síntomas ni signos de isquemia miocárdica ni tampoco en pacientes con alto riesgo de infarto al miocardio (como pacientes sometidos a cirugía vascular). Sin embargo, las guías de sociedad cardiovascular canadiense (publicadas en 2017) sobre riesgo cardíaco perioperatorio, evaluación y tratamiento para pacientes de cirugía no cardíaca] recomiendan obtener mediciones diarias de troponina durante 48 a 72 horas después de cirugía no cardíaca, en pacientes con un riesgo basal superior al 5% de muerte cardiovascular o infarto agudo al miocardio no fatal a 30 días después de una cirugía. MINS se debe considerar como un marcador potencialmente útil de resultados postoperatorios adversos y su detección podría brindar oportunidades para mejorar los resultados clínicos en los pacientes afectados.